Portfolio Manager
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As the saying goes, the first casualty of war is the Truth. The current Middle East conflict certainly fits this pithy bill.
The surprise attack by Israel/US on Iran has set in motion the worst energy supply shock since the 1970s, shutting down the Strait of Hormuz, essentially severing the world’s ephemeral artery. And as global growth inevitably bleeds out, we see the equity markets rally back to all-time highs. Are markets pricing in sunny uplands of global peace, or is something more sinister afoot?
Exhibit 1: Performance (Rebased to 100)
After 6 weeks of intense war, I think it is fair to say that Iran is winning so far from both a strategic and tactical perspective.
Iran’s missile program has seemed to be far more capable than many assumed, competing in technology and stockpiles over US/Israeli arsenals. Likewise, Iran has rendered many of the US bases across the Middle East inoperable, unable to protect themselves, let alone the Gulf states in which they are stationed. And these assets can no longer function as forward operating bases from which to launch a ground invasion. The US Navy, with no presence in the Strait, has been forced to keep at a missile-safe distance, rendering its billion-dollar firepower almost redundant to cheap drones. All in all, this is turning out to be an epic humiliation for the world’s superpower.
And yet, we now have a ceasefire. How so?
When warring parties cease fire, it only happens for two reasons.
1. A party more powerful than the warring parties requests it.
2. One party becomes exhausted and asks for a break to negotiate.
For option one, it should be quite obvious that China, the other global power, has every incentive to sit this one out and watch US military might degrade in real time. After all, they have their eyes on Taiwan, which looks far more interesting now that its interceptors have been redeployed to protect Israel. And China is still receiving Iranian crude (despite Trump’s farcical blockade of the blockade), and is supplying satellite targeting to Iran, so it has little reason to force a backdoor deal.
So that gives us option 2, and considering Iranian strategic and tactical gains, it seems fairly certain that the Americans are using this pause to reset the narrative flow in their favour. With the prospects of a successful land invasion becoming a distant memory, an intensified bombing campaign from the US/Israel has become the only practical way of waging war, and to that end, with missile stocks depleting, the US needed time out to restock.
Now, Iran will never give up strategic control of the Strait. If they allow ships through, it will be on their terms as the Strait is their only guarantee of sovereignty, a potential cash cow tolling booth and a platform to project Iran’s rising military prowess across the region.
The only chance of a peace deal is if Iran deigns to provide Trump with an off-ramp. Iran, after all, certainly doesn’t want another forever war, and if it can come out of this mess with control of the Strait, then this will be a fine strategic victory. There’s a deal there somewhere.
Given Trump’s insistence that the Iran’s ‘two weeks away’ nuclear programme was the stated reason he started the war in the first place, a concession on the nuclear issue is perhaps the most likely compromise that Iran will make to allow Trump to save face.
But as Trump will have to concede the Strait, and therefore by extension, US hegemony in the region (and world), it is unlikely Trump will bite.
Whichever way you game this scenario, it is very hard to see the Strait opening to normal traffic for the foreseeable future. Trump has painted himself into a corner, and he surely knows he is finished politically if he concedes; either destroyed by his “donors” or his MAGA base. It matters not one jot – he is personally all in.
And all the time, massive troop build-ups into the region, suggesting that this is but a brief pause to allow for restocking and another stab at “Epic Fury” (Mk2). The current status quo ceasefire is clearly an unstable equilibrium, as even if Trump extends peace negotiation deadlines indefinitely (his current preferred strategy as it wrests the remaining narrative control away from the Iranians), the clock is ticking in the real world: the physical oil markets.
From a physical oil market perspective, we are entering a new phase where onsite draws should start materialising quite rapidly. Iran has done the hard work, in the sense that it has managed to ‘survive’ while the world’s oil supply buffers, such as SPR releases, sanctions waivers, and oil-on-water drawdowns, are being exhausted.
Over the next week, the last cargoes that left the Strait will have been discharged, so we should expect pump shortages very soon. The higher the oil price, and the worse the shortages are, the more it only serves to increase Iran’s leverage. So until the real shortages bite, Iran won’t be willing to make a deal (even a token uranium inspection) because they’d be leaving a lot of leverage on the table.
And this brings us on to financial markets. The US administration knows that an escalating oil price only favours Iran in this conflict, and so they have countered this with a censorship and misinformation campaign that seeks to significantly downplay the energy infrastructure damage, while magnifying the destruction of Iranian capabilities.
Trump’s tweeting, while on the surface seems increasingly unhinged, is actually quite intentional and very effective. Barack Obama said it best ““You just have to flood a country’s public square with enough raw sewage. You just have to raise enough questions, spread enough dirt, plant enough conspiracy theorizing that citizens no longer know what to believe.”.
Trump is a master at this seditious game, and although Iran is winning the real war, Trump is, almost singlehandedly, winning the information war.
What is so surreal about the current situation is that while any sane person has long ago discounted Trump’s ramblings as pure gaslighting, the ‘market’ is becoming increasingly leveraged to the headlines. Unfortunately, this is by design and is where the core of the deceit lies.
In order to maximise the market impact of the tweets, the US Treasury has reportedly opened brokerage accounts with Jane Street to help manage the oil market. Various option-based strategies have been utilised to suppress implied volatility and price levels of oil. The world is watching Brent and WTI. Keep it down, and you’re winning.
Similar suspicious flows, timed around Trump’s tweets, have been observed in VIX futures and zero-day option markets. Again, a possible mixture of frontrunning and swamping the market with bullish flow. Likely, for the sole purpose of profiteering and painting the tape.
Likewise, huge volumes of forced selling of oil futures are pushed through the markets, timed just before and just after the tweets go live. 100 USD on WTI seems to be the level that the administration is defending at all costs. A nice round number, I suppose.
To coincide with the alleged Oil paper price manipulation, central bank printing is working in overdrive behind the scenes in a pre-emptive move to control bond markets and currencies. The potential demise of the petrodollar represents an existential threat to the dollar system and, by extension, US hegemony. Central banks have their work cut out for them.
Keeping markets stable not only panders to Trump’s ego (an unfortunate but absolutely necessary evil), but it is an essential component of US power projection and hegemony, which the war threatens to destabilise. From America’s point of view, the financial markets are an integral part of the overall war strategy. It is their Front line, defended at all costs, in a hyper-financialised system.
To that end, we have seen a huge pickup in dollar swap lines, repo financing of various flavours and the levels of FED purchases of short dated T-bills that are now rivalling the good old days of QE, while the Treasury (not to be out done by), has been busy buying back long dated bonds in record quantities, financed by FED T-bill purchases.
All this money printing and bond-market shenanigans have been deployed to keep the back end of the bond markets relatively sanguine and contained.
It’s worked.
Yield curve control has been in play for a year now, and it has been focused (it always is) on the back end. When the initial energy price shock hit last month, it was short-end yields that were ‘allowed’ to react, and as such, curves have flattened into a stagflation shock, the opposite of what one would expect. Macro investing is inverting.
There is a real cost to price manipulation. And the stakes have never been higher, as the real and present danger is that the longer equities rise and oil falls, driven by algos and news aggregator headlines, the more emboldened Trump becomes.
And yet, as the real economy begins to suffer, Trump will be nudged to ‘do something’, just as the option of a face-saving off-ramp ‘deal’ dwindles away, while the possibility of a civilisational ending bombing campaign grows.
Risk assets have never been so mispriced.
The views expressed should not be viewed as investment recommendations and are subject to change. This material is for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice, an offer, or a recommendation.